| Home | > | List of cultivated families | > | Acanthaceae | > | Justicia | > | betonica |
Justicia betonica
Selected images: Click on each image to see a larger version and details of the record View all images (23)
Photo: Bart Wursten
On (sloping) wall of upper dam, Hillside Dams, Bulawayo
Photo: Bart Wursten
On (sloping) wall of upper dam, Hillside Dams, Bulawayo
Photo: Bart Wursten
Along Masvingo road c. 5 km North of Mvuma
Photo: Bart Wursten
Besna Kobila farm, Matobo.
Photo: Bart Wursten
Besna Kobila farm, Matobo.
Records: Display species records Map species using Google Maps
Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)
| Synonyms: |
Adhatoda betonica (L.) Nees Adhatoda cheiranthifolia Nees Adhatoda lupulina Nees Adhatoda variegata Nees var. pallidior Nees Justicia betonicoides C.B. Clarke Justicia cheiranthifolia (Nees) C.B. Clarke Justicia pallidior (Nees) C.B. Clarke Justicia pallidior (Nees) C.B. Clarke var. cooperi C.B. Clarke Justicia uninervis S. Moore |
| Common names: | Paper plume (English) |
| Description: | Shrubby perennial herb up to 1.5 m tall. Leaves opposite, more or less narrowly lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, 2-16 cm long, hairless or finely velvety, base somewhat decurrent along the petiole; margin entire to crenate; petiole 0-2 cm long. Inflorescences in terminal spikes 2-12 cm long.Bracts overlapping, white to pale green with more or less distinct darker green or purplish veins. Flowers 8.5-14 mm long, usually on one side of the spike, white with 2 pinkish ridges or spots in the corolla throat, finely velvety and with scattered stalked glands. Capsule 11-20 mm long more or less densely velvety. |
| Notes: | |
| Derivation of specific name: | |
| Flowering time: | Dec - May |
| Worldwide distribution: | Widespread in tropical africa, South Africa, tropical Asia and introduced in America. |
| Growth form(s): | |
| Insects associated with this species: | |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Image last updated: | Sunday 29 May 2016 |
| Literature: |
Bandeira, S., Bolnick, D. & Barbosa, F. (2007). Wild Flowers of Southern Mozambique Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique Page 195. (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 34. Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 23. Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 19. Darbyshire, I., Vollesen, K. & Kelbessa, E. (2010). Acanthaceae (Part 2) Flora of Tropical East Africa Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Pages 548 - 550. (Includes a picture). Darbyshire, I., Vollesen, K. & Kelbessa, E. (2015). Acanthaceae (Part 2) Flora Zambesiaca 8(6) Pages 185 - 187. (Includes a picture). Ellery, K. & W. (1997). Plants of the Okavango Delta, a Field Guide Tsaro Publishers, Durban, South Africa Page 165. (Includes a picture). Fabian, A. & Germishuizen, G. (1997). Wild Flowers of Northern South Africa. Fernwood Press, Vlaeburg. Pages 396 - 397. (Includes a picture). Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 330. (Includes a picture). Kirby, G. (2013). Wild Flowers of Southeast Botswana Struik Nature, Cape Town South Africa Page 42. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 14. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 19. Pooley, E. (1998). A Field Guide to the Wild Flowers of KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Region. Natal Flora Publications Trust. Durban. Pages 200 - 201. (Includes a picture). Roodt, V. (1998). Common Wild Flowers of the Okavango Delta Shell Field Guide Series: Part II Shell Oil Botswana, Gaberone. Pages 10 - 11. (Includes a picture). Roodt, V. (2011). Wild flowers, Waterplants and Grasses of the Okavango Delta and Kalahari "Did You Know" nature series Struik Nature for Veronica Roodt Publications Page 25. (Includes a picture). Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 18. Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 194. Van Wyk, B. & Malan, S. (1988). Field Guide to the Wild Flowers of the Witwatersrand and Pretoria Region Struik, Cape Town Pages 34 - 35. (Includes a picture). Wursten, B., Timberlake, J. & Darbyshire, I. (2017). The Chimanimani Mountains: an updated checklist. Kirkia 19(1) Page 87. |
Other sources of information about Justicia betonica:
Our websites:
Flora of Botswana: Justicia betonicaFlora of Burundi: Justicia betonica
Flora of Caprivi: Justicia betonica
Flora of Malawi: Justicia betonica
Flora of Mozambique: Justicia betonica
Flora of Zambia: Justicia betonica
Flora of Zimbabwe: Justicia betonica
External websites:
African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Justicia betonicaAfrican Plant Database: Justicia betonica
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Justicia betonica
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Justicia betonica
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Justicia betonica
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Justicia betonica
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Justicia betonica
JSTOR Plant Science: Justicia betonica
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Justicia betonica
Plants of the World Online: Justicia betonica
Tropicos: Justicia betonica
Wikipedia: Justicia betonica
| Home | > | List of cultivated families | > | Acanthaceae | > | Justicia | > | betonica |