Christella friesii (Brause) Holttum

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Synonyms: Dryopteris friesii Brause
Thelypteris friesii (Brause) Schelpe
Common names:
Frequency:
Status: Native
Description:
Rhizome short creeping; rhizome scales up to 4.5 mm long, dark brown, lanceolate, entire. Fronds closely spaced, erect, not proliferous, firmly membranous. Stipe up to 38 (85) cm long, pale brown, thinly set with minute white hairs. Lamina up to 1.7 × 0.6 m, narrowly oblong to roughly lanceolate in outline, deeply 2-pinnatifid, apex acute, basal 2 pairs of pinnae slightly reduced, then abruptly ending in a long series of much reduced pinnae, often less than 2 cm long. Pinnae linear-lanceolate in outline, apex tapering to a point, base truncate; ultimate lobes narrowly linear-oblong, falcate, margins entire to lobed; upper surface with hairs along the veins, costules and costae, lower surface hairs along the costae; veins not meeting below the sinus. Rhachis strawcoloured to pale brown, finely covered with short hairs. Sori round, up to 20 per lobe; indusia c. 0.5- 1 mm in diameter, circular to kidney-shaped with a few white hairs.
Notes: C. friesii look for: creeping rhizome, veins not meeting below the sinus between the pinna lobes, stipe with a series of much reduced pinnae.
Derivation of specific name: friesii: named after R.E. Fries, Swedish botanist and editor of Botanik 1 (1914), who collected this species for the first time in Zambia in 1911.
Habitat: Streambanks in light shade of evergreen forest.
Altitude range: (metres) 700 - 1360 m
Worldwide distribution: Angola, Cameroon, Congo, DRC, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe distribution: C,E
Growth form(s): Terrestrial.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters: Display spot characters for this species
Literature:

Burrows, J.E. (1990). Southern African Ferns and Fern Allies. Frandsen, Sandton. Pages 260 - 261. As Thelypteris friesii (Includes a picture).

Burrows, J.E. & Burrows, S.M. (1993). An annotated check-list of the pteridophytes of Malawi Kirkia 14(1) Page 95.

Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 45. as Thelypteris friesii

Dowsett-Lemaire, F. (1989). The flora and phytogeography of the evergreen forests of Malawi. I: Afromontane and mid-altitude forests; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 59(1/2) Page 26. As Thelypteris friesii

Jacobsen, W.B.G. (1983). The Ferns and Fern Allies of Southern Africa. Butterworths, Durban and Pretoria. Pages 389 - 390. (Includes a picture).

Kornas, J. (1979). Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia Polska Akademia Nauk Wydzial II Nauk Biologicznych Pages 90 - 91. As Thelypteris friesii

Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 10.

Roux, J.P. (2001). Conspectus of Southern African Pteridophyta. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 13 Page 121.

Roux, J.P. (2009). Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands Page 203.

Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1970). Pteridophyta Flora Zambesiaca Pages 192 - 193. As Thelypteris friesii


Other sources of information about Christella friesii:

Our websites:

Flora of Malawi: Christella friesii
Flora of Zambia: Christella friesii

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Christella friesii
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Christella friesii
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Christella friesii
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Christella friesii
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Christella friesii
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Christella friesii
JSTOR Plant Science: Christella friesii
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Christella friesii
Plants of the World Online: Christella friesii
Tropicos: Christella friesii
Wikipedia: Christella friesii


Copyright: Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave, 2002-24

Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2024). Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Christella friesii.
https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=101760, retrieved 28 March 2024

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